代码如下:
“””this module contains code from
think python by allen b. downey
http://thinkpython.com
copyright 2012 allen b. downey
license: gnu gplv3 http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html
“””
import os
def walk(dirname):
“””finds the names of all files in dirname and its subdirectories.
dirname: string name of directory
“””
names = []
for name in os.listdir(dirname):
path = os.path.join(dirname, name)
if os.path.isfile(path):
names.append(path)
else:
names.extend(walk(path))
return names
def compute_checksum(filename):
“””computes the md5 checksum of the contents of a file.
filename: string
“””
cmd = ‘md5sum ‘ + filename
return pipe(cmd)
def check_diff(name1, name2):
“””computes the difference between the contents of two files.
name1, name2: string filenames
“””
cmd = ‘diff %s %s’ % (name1, name2)
return pipe(cmd)
def pipe(cmd):
“””runs a command in a subprocess.
cmd: string unix command
returns (res, stat), the output of the subprocess and the exit status.
“””
fp = os.popen(cmd)
res = fp.read()
stat = fp.close()
assert stat is none
return res, stat
def compute_checksums(dirname, suffix):
“””computes checksums for all files with the given suffix.
dirname: string name of directory to search
suffix: string suffix to match
returns: map from checksum to list of files with that checksum
“””
names = walk(dirname)
d = {}
for name in names:
if name.endswith(suffix):
res, stat = compute_checksum(name)
checksum, _ = res.split()
if checksum in d:
d[checksum].append(name)
else:
d[checksum] = [name]
return d
def check_pairs(names):
“””checks whether any in a list of files differs from the others.
names: list of string filenames
“””
for name1 in names:
for name2 in names:
if name1 < name2:
res, stat = check_diff(name1, name2)
if res:
return false
return true
def print_duplicates(d):
“””checks for duplicate files.
reports any files with the same checksum and checks whether they
are, in fact, identical.
d: map from checksum to list of files with that checksum
“””
for key, names in d.iteritems():
if len(names) > 1:
print ‘the following files have the same checksum:’
for name in names:
print name
if check_pairs(names):
print ‘and they are identical.’
if __name__ == ‘__main__’:
d = compute_checksums(dirname=’.’, suffix=’.py’)
print_duplicates(d)